Car Accidents, Causes & Effects &Some safety features

Car evolved from primitive vehicle to a car engine. Until it became a necessity of life.Vehicle are directly related to the development of society, it has established its roads, bridges, factories and traffic departments and workshops. Automotive engineering, traffic engineering, automobile manufacturing, production accessories and other disciplines underlying this machine.

The causes of accidents are
1 - vehicle
2 - Road
3 - rights (whether driver, passenger, pedestrian and transit)

1 - vehicle
I've been putting a lot of safety features and its agencies in the car to secure a certain level of safety

2 - Road
Either way is a second factor of the causes of accidents, create bridges and tunnels to facilitate traffic and dismantling of traffic jams, and processing and the development of traffic signals and signs at intersections, and other equipment necessary to ensure the safety of the road for pedestrians and transit. And I will detail.

3 - rights (whether driver, passenger, pedestrian and transit)
The last factor is human, the real wealth of the country, Most accidents occur around ', we find that the main cause of accidents is human, and of course the driver of the vehicle in the first degree.

Percentage of car accidents because of between 3-5%, either way is up between 5-10% As for rights, it is 85-92% (up to 99%).

Safety systems in cars:

What is ABS in modern car.How does it work?

An anti-lock braking system (ABS) is a safety system on motor vehicles which prevents the wheels from locking while braking

Traction control system

Is a system can be your tires stick to the floor the way.Why do not we call ESP???

Not because Cruise tires or car routeThe stability system is responsible for vehicle stability

ESP -- Electronic Stability Program

Electronic brakeforce distribution

ACC- Stop/Go Function

Front and rear sensors with camera 

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Amazing homes and offices built from shipping containers

Of the most disturbing things and a waste of money when many people around the world are buying or jump out of the house.alot of people suffer but bulks of rising real estate prices around the world ..
We will resolve the wonderful and inexpensive for all.

Many of the developers of the cities of Detroit and Seattle to solve this problem is a wonderful and good for the environment .. Use ALL shipping containers to build homes, offices and even shops for them.

There are approximately 25 million shipping containers of all sizes (20-40 feet) is inserted through the ports of the United States each year, the movement of many goods as children's games, computers and chemicals .. Why do not we exploit and solve our problems through ..

(City project container transportation in the City of London)And as you see in the pictures have been exploited amazing and eye-catching and beautiful that it is inexpensive (less than U.S. $ 2,500) and is subject to change. With a little creativity you can do what you want.

A modest home with a gorgeous design in the city of Seattle a solar-powered has a kitchen, and a small bathroom, and a sofa bed Rollaway

Work desk in Richmond, Californian

Source 1, 2

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Cinema archipelago in Thailand: a floating theater between Ckrtin in the sea!

Request of the German architect Ole Scheeren to design non-traditional cinema in Thailand on the occasion of his name Film Festival "Film on the Rocks", an idea designed and built on the rocks, literally word:


Scheeren took advantage of natural beauty of Thailand, so he built cinema in the water between the rocks of Thailand's beautiful, and inspired by the idea of scattered islands of Thailand, so he designed the theater from a timber floating, and increased by the beautiful theater that was built from recycled materials.

The boat transport viewers to a place of cinema at the time of the offer to enjoy a unique experience, the audience sits on the stage floats above the water to watch the display screen floating!

This additional set of images:

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In fact is stranger than fiction: amazing images of microbes to rain on a mysterious moons of Saturn!!

The fact that we live in reveals to us day after day, it is stranger than fiction, was recently revealed the Cassini spacecraft images that there will be an amazing (if true) mutation in our view of the universe:



What you see is a photos taken by the Cassini spacecraft when passed near Enceladus (a moon of Saturn), and where you can see streams of water huge-like fountain Anfetha Enceladus Space!, And when analyzed NASA scientists are graduating this fountains (or fountains) and found that it consists of water vapor and ice particles and organic compounds, and scientists think that they have enough evidence to say it contains microbes as well!

That is raining on the moon Enceladus and Mea snow and microbes!!


This information is still a part of the assumptions based on scientific observation and reading some of the sensors, but scientists are planning to get samples of the spray fountains Enceladus to study them and cut off any doubt.

Is this resolution be little reason to change our view of the universe?

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F-22 Raptor

F-22 Raptor

Program began F - 22 Raptor in the early eighties to develop fighter advanced tactical, this is a fighter first-generation fighter planes V and is designed to meet the Russian Air Force during the Cold War between America and the Soviet Union, with the fall of the Berlin Wall has expanded the role of tactical fighter developed to include the capabilities of multiple tasks such as tasks beating the precise objectives of the floor.

Technical descriptionAlukihid Martin f-22 Raptor, is a fighter aircraft with one seat and fitted with a twin-engine and has a high capacity maneuver over its counterparts from the fifth generation is using technology to sneak Stealth. It was designed initially air superiority fighter, but enjoyed the additional capabilities include ground attack, electronic warfare. The Lockheed Martin aerospace prime contractor for the project, which is responsible for the majority of the airframe, weapon systems and final assembly of the 22 - F. The partner Boeing space and defense industries supplying the wings, the fuselage at the rear, and avionics-ROMs, and training systems. And appointed different aircraft model F - 22 and F/A-22 during the years prior to entering the service USAF officially in December 2005 as F - 22A . Although the development of long and costly, the United States considers that the plane F - 22 crucial element of the strength of the U.S. tactical air, and claims that the plane is not matched by any fighter in the world, while Lockheed Martin says that mixing the components of phantom, speed and maneuverability with fighting capabilities of the land of Joe Joe Joe makes the best of the plane at all in the world today. Air Chief Marshal (Angus Houston), former president of the Australian Defence Force in 2004 that the "F - 22 will be a fighter jet the most exclusive at all." And led the high cost of the plane, and the apparent lack of missions fighting air due to the delay fighters fifth generation in Russia and China, and a ban on U.S. exports of aircraft, and continued development of the plans are cheaper and more versatile resulted ultimately in the production of the aircraft f-35, which is a less-expensive than the f-22 and can be exported to friendly countries. In April 2009, the production of 187 aircraft only and refused to Congress to fund any new purchase payments from the plane and stopped production at this number.

Strategic objectives of the F-22

Achieve control of the airspace of any battlefield through the skilful blending of stealth technologies and engines that support the long-range aviation, sensors and avionics, and maneuverability, agility and speed of movement and long-term, portable weapons inside. There are motors Pratt & Whitney F-119 - BW -100, enables it to fly to high altitudes does not compete and achieve speeds of offensive pressure and continued strong payment is superior to the fighter today.

 

Of weapons of Home - reinforcing

Major weapons platform carrying either: 6 medium-range missile guidance radar IM er -120 er or two IM 120. Two missiles 1000 - LB GBU -32 missile attack, the joint direct attack ground. It also carries two missiles Mtaatbaan temperature short-term er any M c -9, one on each side of the platform of weapons, and as a result can Raptor can fly at altitudes too high and too far, too fast with the proportion of the risk of a few that are exposed or intercepted and then hit full immunity against airborne targets and ground targets alike. This is a private U.S. military aircraft only.

Features
Plane F-22 air refueling

     4 columns of success - long-range flights - the speed and agility - stealth - and advanced avionics
     Ultrasound for long periods of time without having to run the secondary combustion devices afterburners or what is called the feature supercruise
     Ease of maintenance - requires periodic maintenance to make engine Pratt & Whitney F-119 - BW only 6 -100 commercially available tools
     Common integrated processor - CIB - the heart of integrated electronics suite, this super-computers can process 10.3 billion bytes per second. 

 Defects

Defects encountered in this plane are the disadvantages of cost and time rather than technical defects or workmanship, workmanship and the high cost of space in time of the aircraft maintenance are the most prominent flaws, A report from the Pentagon Bjabth the results of tests carried out by the ministry that the plane
     Cost 44 thousand dollars per flying hour
     30-hour maintenance per flying hour
     Low economic feasibility of production claiming the existence of competition from cheaper fighters and horses.
     Hull of the plane because of the erosion of its articles of high absorbency of the waves falling upon Alkashovah
     Exposed to damage if flew 1.7 hours without maintenance.
     Is redundant in the era of small wars and terrorist threats with reference to its potential in excess of the required.

Specifications

     Crew: 1
     Length: 18.90 m
     Wingspan: 13.56 m
     Height: 5 p.m.
     Wing area: 78.08 m ²
     Maximum height: 19.8 km
     -Free weight: 19700 kg
     Gross weight: 29300 kg
     Take-off weight: 38000 kg
     Maximum speed: 2.25 Mach (2410 km / h)
     Range: 3000 km with additional fuel tanks
     Half diameter of engagement: 759 km
     Cost: $ 150 million (2009)


air show 

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Samsung empire: Facts and figures about the company started an amazing dream of a man who sells rice and sugar!!

Is not in America or Europe, but in a small country in the far east of Asia, however, the company's profits than earnings, Google, Microsoft and Apple combined!!
It's Samsung:

 Did you know that the number of employees in the company Samsung has more than 344.000 people?!!
And profits in 2010 only exceeded $ 220 billion!! .. Double the national income of Arab countries such as Qatar and Kuwait, full, Morocco and Iraq!!
And that if we consider Samsung's state will be ranked No. 35 in the largest economies in the world according to statistics in 2006!!

Let's take a journey through the subject of the story of the success of the company began to dream of a man who sells rice and sugar!!

Of rice and sugar industry to the future!

Samsung was the beginning different from anything we had expected, began in 1938 when it created Byung-Chul Lee a shop to sell rice, sugar, and he called the "Sam - Song":

 

Sam Sung in Korean means "three stars", which was meant to Pyongyang main principles established by his company for which:
- To be significant.
- To be strong.
- To remain forever.

This is already carried out when the world turned to technology consumer entered into force, leaving the rice and sugar!, Samsung started in the manufacture of television sets, washing machines, refrigerators and supported offers innovative payment methods and guarantee after the sale, which managed to invade the whole world with making those!

A small country!

  

There are no headquarters of Samsung in a building or several buildings, but in the whole cities, Samsung Vtof eight cities in South Korea as the "Samsung digital cities", cities integrated personnel are operating the company and contain banks, hospitals, clinics, playgrounds and restaurants!!

 As for the entry and exit from the city traffic sounds like a border point between the two! , Cars are inspected and bags pass through the security detectors, and you can not output any private electronic devices from the company as a mobile or a camera or a laptop or a memory card!!
What you use within the company remains within the company!

Proud of Samsung!

Interestingly, the training of new employees at Samsung is not just about the technical and vocational education, but are trained to work together through an amazing display by the new staff every year, and this offers you a creative:

Participants in this presentation are not students, schools or athletes, but engineers, technicians and administrators working in the Samsung, and the slogan: proud at Samsung!!

Many researchers"

 

Researchers and company assets of more than 343 billion dollars you can manufacture anything!
Does not demonstrate clearly than I did at Samsung smart phone market, the company did not give importance to this area in the past, a little error Tdarkih company quickly, and when it swept all concerned with its competitors:

  - Samsung Heavy Industries:

It is the second largest manufacturer of ships in the world.

- Samsung Engineering, Samsung C & T:

 
One of these two companies involved in building the Burj Dubai tower in Dubai and Taipei 101, the two companies are the No. 35 and 72 in the list of major construction companies in the world!

- Samsung Auto:

The company that bought from France's Renault 70% of its shares.

All this next to several other companies Ksamsonj Insurance Company (No. 14 in the list of major insurance companies in the world), and Samsung Shell security and propaganda (No. 19 in the list of major advertising companies in the world) and so on!! ..

Source:
From Wikipedia  
samsung 
List of Arab League countries by GDP (nominal)
businesswire

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Chinese students make iPad at home!

That were not able to buy iPad you can manufacture at home!

Sentence seems illogical but that's what did the Chinese student Wei Xinlong:

The story of this device while separated from his girlfriend Xinlong to complete his studies and the search for better jobs, and as a kind of proof of the seriousness of his commitment to making this machine a very special gift!!

Surprisingly, Xinlong taught in the arts and has only basic information on electronics, but managed to manufacture this device using information found on the Internet!

Xinlong says he began to search for electronic components used as organs of an old laptop, and at the same time, he built himself some components such as a connector, which uses heat pack soft drinks!

This device industry took 10 days and it was interesting to have the time to decorate his machine apple Apple and some other ornaments:

The device costs $ 126 after completing only and is characterized by some features not available in real iPad, such as it contains 4 ports USB and Ethernet LAN, and works Bbataih lithium ion.

Hinlong turning to star in China after the pictures spread on social networks.

(Source)

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(Fuel Cell) technology and impressive in the world of cars (search Tqnicy )......

Introduction: -

Cars, we can not deny it's one of the most important inventions in human history where it According to the latest statistics more prevalent methods of transport in the whole world.

As we know the car did not invent the one-time or on a particular world, but is passed through stages of development of longitudinal over two centuries to reach this figure, which we use Haleao so far and I am still in constant evolution and expressed to improve and develop.

The aim of modern scientific research, which seeks to develop the car towards a single goal is to increase the capacity or improve the car this is not the only form in the first place, while the main concern now is to reduce pollution and harmful emissions coming out of the engine.

Today will be talking about new technology and a very, in my opinion will make a revolution in the world of cars if they have already started this coup, a means clean and energy efficient it is fuel cells.


History of the development of fuel cells: -


Can say that it was the invention of fuel cell technology and the Shaman by Sir William Grove Welshman Sir WilliamGrove in 1839 as the invention of the battery voltage gas gas voltaic battery is the one who gave the scientists then Tfnah the principles of the fuel cell.

The idea of ​​simple battery Grove is the basis of the emergence of fuel cell technology, but this name does not appear physically, but in 1889, by Charles Wenger Charles Langer and Ludwig Mondz Ludwig Mond's where they first tried to industry's first cell and the actual fuel.

In 1960, used NASA NASA - national aeronautics and space administration technology of fuel cells practical for generating electricity and running a car space a small spacecraft and then under development in fuel cells continues in the seventies until the early eighties when it began to enter the auto industry - and this is what concerns us in topic - fuel cells and remained in the testing phase and develop until the mid-nineties and reached a stage that it could be used in cars as the increased size and efficiency are well and in the next few lines I will explain how fuel cells work developed in detail, God willing.


What are fuel cells?: -


Is simply a device for converting chemical energy to electrical energy as the fuel cell works to convert hydrogen and oxygen into water, and through this interaction produces an electrical utilized it.

We can metaphorically say that fuel cells are similar to the battery as it generates electrical energy from chemical reactions, but the difference here that have a battery lifespan while the fuel cell where it is not final as long as it enters the hydrogen and oxygen out electrical current. And fuel cells compete strongly many other sources of electricity generation such as gas turbines and gas turbine power plants mega city's power plant so it's competing small battery that could use them in the operation of laptop LapTop. The main reason for the superiority of fuel cells for the rest of the sources of power mentioned above is to increase efficiency as the most severe of these sources using fuel burning for energy, increasing the pollution and the resulting energy is not a force that may produce the fuel cell. Types of fuel cells: - Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) It is considered one of the best types of fuel cells and the smallest in size for energy resulting from them. In this type of membrane used polymer in the solid state and this reduces the reaction temperature and increase the efficiency and faster in the start and the response. This type of fuel cells is the most prevalent in the world as it is used in the fields of cars to the small size. Alkaline: - Alalcalayn used in this type of fuel cells, but the main problem of this type despite the strength of the current output is that it requires pure hydrogen and pure oxygen quite well to begin this type of interaction and is one of the oldest types where invented in 1960 Phosphoric Acid: - This type is not used in industry because of the large size and increase the reaction temperature strongly Alalktrulad eat and sometimes because of the heat. Molten Carbonate: - This type of fuel cells more complex as it requires high temperature to start the interaction in addition to its great size and is used in power plants Solid Oxide: - It also requires high heat to start, but the interaction is characterized by lack of oxygen and hydrogen used to generate the same amount of energy compared to other types. From this we see that the first type is one that concerns us in this report and this is where he was the type used in cars and I will speak the following lines in the curse, God willing, I will explain in detail how it works and its features to that he was interested in this topic.


Proton Exchange Membrane

· Anode
· Cathode
· Proton Exchange Membrance
· Catalyst

And simply adopt the idea of ​​his work on the movement of hydrogen atoms from the anode to the anode-cathode atoms of oxygen in the cathode and their interaction with passing an electric current is generated and the reaction product is water, and the following equations describes the work: -



Anode side:
2H2 => 4H+ + 4e-

Cathode side:
O2 + 4H+ + 4e- => 2H2O

Net reaction:
2H2 + O2 => 2H2O



Minute detail the method of work:

Anode side: Be paid to the cathode and oxygen passes through the catalyst, which catalyst is splitting an atom of oxygen to the Ionians Salpin O-

Cathode side: 
As you can see is compressed and pay atoms of hydrogen to the fuel cell in terms of anode - the anode - and when entering the compressed hydrogen to a Calcined first pass through the catalyst catalyst and the catalyst is splitting of the hydrogen atom H2 to the ions of hydrogen, the positive H +, H + and results from this fission two electrons e-.

These electrons are the cause for generating electricity and then complete the circuit path where the rush of positive hydrogen ions on the negatively charged ions of oxygen to unite together and be water as the previous equations.

He graduated from the single cell fuel cells almost 0.7 volts and is connected to more than one cell in a row to get the required voltage value.

And reflect the main problem in this type, which hampered without entering in the field of cars for a long time is that, to generate energy from it we need oxygen and hydrogen for oxygen, it is easy to get it from the air and available, but the real problem was in the hydrogen as it does not exist except in the upper layers of air and extracted was somewhat difficult, therefore, scientists are looking for another way to generate hydrogen is energy

But in the end reached to the way the process is very effective and is dependent on the conversion of hydrocarbons or alcohols (alcohol fuel) to the hydrogen can be used in fuel cells, and this by a device called a re-writing by the mediator or Alkamiaúy reformer.

But as nothing less than full, as the way out of this high temperature and the outside is pure hydrogen, which reduces the efficiency of fuel cell
The recent research conducted by scientists have now found that he could Alastagadah for hydrogen with natural gas - and that land and methane - propane and methanol as easy access to natural gas easily.

Tangier's more methane gas nominations to be used in modern cars, for easy access and easily cut in it.




Are fuel cells really the best?

Perhaps the question that may come to your mind now is the best fuel cells for use in cars or not? Do you give us the highest efficiency Tholha match for the techniques currently used. This is what we will discuss it in the next lines, God willing.

In order to know whether the fuel cells are already the best, we will first study the efficiency of the car when using fuel cells and efficiency of the car when using traditional heat engine, and also the efficiency of the car when you use the electric motor and then we can determine the best players.
First: - fuel cells and vehicles: -

According to the tests of modern vehicles using fuel cells, found that if we have the use of hydrogen refined completely, it can get the energy efficiency of up to 80%, but as we have explained before that he can not get pure hydrogen easily, especially in the car, so it is used instead of it alcohol fuel or hydrocarbons, but it is pure hydrogen out completely, causing a shortage of efficiency to reach 40 to 30%
About.

This is for the emerging electric power in cars still need to convert this electrical energy to kinetic energy through the motor and the last tests that resulted in almost reach the overall efficiency of the final Li emerging in the form of kinetic energy from the motor up to 32% to 24% approximately.
Second: - heat engines and cars: -

Heat engines are the engines that use fossil fuel - diesel or gasoline - in the generation of thermal energy by burning the fuel and the shift of the energy to kinetic energy. This is the traditional engine used in cars as a whole.

According to tests that have been made on this type of engine to find out the actual efficiency learned from this engine and do not be surprised of it but found in practice that the overall efficiency of this type of engine is very, very low up to 20% only !!!!!!!!!

Do not be surprised of the number, but it is actually where the heat generated by burning fuel in the form of heat lost with exhaust gas from abroad or lose during the cooling cycle in the car and no need for Mufaqad to mention the other in the gearbox and the crown, if any, etc.
Third

: - electric motors and cars: -

Electric motors found in cars for a long time and is based on the idea of ​​having the electric motor traditional battery-powered

And tested on this type of engine and you may be surprised for the second time he has a very high efficiency up 72% overall efficiency of almost
This means that the best species to use and the killer but the disadvantage in this type of need is permanent to the shipping of the batteries and therefore is used as in enclosed spaces such as golf courses and large companies and universities (in developed countries, of course J).

From the above we can judge what system the best and highest efficiency in the use in cars, but it should be noted that the technical standards found that this was the best kind of car, or not
These criteria are: -

1 - Is the car easy to use and scalable for maintenance.
2 - Is the car easy to re-fuel or energy Altdhuad
3 - What is the distance to go before it can be re-powered Altdhuad
4 - How is the speed compared to other vehicles
5 - What amount of environmental pollution caused by

Of course, we can now answer the question ourselves, which is that fuel cell technology and deservedly overtook the techniques currently available.



Fuel cells and used in cars: -
Initially started using fuel cells in large vehicles, especially buses Buses in the large size of the fuel cell in the beginning, but with the small size of the continuous development of fuel cell is so make it suitable for use in small cars..

Has already begun to hydrogen fuel cells type PEM Previous explained in the entry in the automotive world is supposed to replace the cars with conventional engines in the very near future and is expected to begin widespread in cars after 2010 and the cars existing current use methylene As we have said before There are also some companies have developed a special type of fuel can be extracted from hydrogen and companies are still at the moment is trying to develop other ways to extract hydrogen in a better and purer order Tved the efficiency of the fuel cell.


Examples of vehicles using fuel cells at this time: -

Spread in recent cars that use fuel cells and I think most of us have heard about cars running on hydrogen, which are the same cars that fuel cell

I have heard that the former actor and California Governor Arnold Hoaznniger this has been giving it a car Hummer H2 and operating technology and fuel cells as a gift in recognition of his efforts from Hammer Company beautiful (which I do not know explicitly).

This set of pictures of the cars available on the market now and works with fuel cells.

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